Educational pluralism and freedom of religion: recent decisions of the European Court of Human Rights     

Eugenia Relaño 《British Journal of Religious Education》2010,32(1):19-29

This paper addresses the sensitive issue of the teaching of religions and beliefs in schools by analysing two recent decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. In these cases, the Court asserts that students should be exempted from compulsory courses on religion or from courses that are not conveyed in an objective, critical and pluralist manner in order to protect the rights of parents to raise their children in accordance with their beliefs and to protect the child’s religious freedom. What emerges from both decisions are sound principles about how to implement and teach these kind of courses without violating the freedom of religion and belief or undermining the state competences on education.  相似文献   

论功用主义伦理思想的演进过程     

萨·巴特尔 《内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2010,39(4):66-72

功用主义伦理学属于目的论伦理学,它盛行于18世纪末至19世纪初。但就其思想渊源而言,可上溯到古希腊时期的快乐论和幸福论。长期以来人们一般都将功用主义伦理学分为古典和现代两种理论形态,这似乎是在学界比较流行的观点。但这种观点的一个明显缺陷就是：它只承认功用主义是快乐论和幸福论的一个较为晚近的形式。如若承认功用主义是古希腊时期快乐论和幸福论的一个较为晚近的形式,那么就等于承认了功用主义伦理思想是由古希腊时期的快乐论和幸福论思想的基础上演变而来的历史事实。因此,功用主义本身无论如何改变其理论形态,都不可能完全脱离快乐论和幸福论所主张的快乐或幸福等核心概念。因此,将整个功用主义分为前功用主义、古典功用主义和现代功用主义等彼此关联的三个发展阶段是非常有必要的。  相似文献   

Effects of resistance training on performance in previously trained endurance runners: A systematic review     

Manuel Alcaraz-Ibañez  Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(6):613-629

The aim of this work was to identify, synthesize and evaluate the results of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of resistance training on performance indicators in previously trained endurance runners. A database search was carried out in PubMed, Science Direct, OvidSPMedLine, Wiley, Web of Science, ProQuest and Google Scholar. In accordance with the PRISMA checklist, 18 published articles dated prior to May 2016 involving 321 endurance runners were reviewed using the PEDro scale. Resistance training led to general improvements in muscular strength, running economy, muscle power factors, and direct performance in distances between 1,500 and 10,000 m. Such improvements were not accompanied by a significant increase in body mass or signs of overtraining. However, improvements did not occur in all cases, suggesting that they might depend on the specific characteristics of the resistance training applied. Although current evidence supports the effectiveness of resistance training to improve performance in already trained endurance runners, the methodological inconsistencies identified suggest that the results should be interpreted with caution. Future studies ought to investigate the benefits of resistance training in endurance runners while considering the existence of possible differentiated effects based on the specific characteristics of the resistance training carried out.  相似文献   

A Small‐Scale Randomized Efficacy Trial of the Identity Project: Promoting Adolescents’ Ethnic–Racial Identity Exploration and Resolution          下载免费PDF全文

Adriana J. Umaña‐Taylor  Sara Douglass  Kimberly A. Updegraff  Flavio F. Marsiglia 《Child development》2018,89(3):862-870

Adolescents’ ethnic–racial identity (ERI) formation represents an important developmental process that is associated with adjustment. The Identity Project intervention, grounded in developmental theory, was designed to engage adolescents in the ERI processes of exploration and resolution. The current small‐scale efficacy trial involved an ethnic–racially diverse sample of adolescents (N = 215; M_age = 15.02, SD = .68) from eight classrooms that were randomly assigned by classroom to the intervention or attention control group. Differences between conditions in ERI exploration at Time 2 were consistent with desired intervention effects; furthermore, higher levels of ERI exploration at Time 2 predicted increases in ERI resolution at Time 3 only for youth in the treatment condition. Findings provide preliminary evidence of program efficacy.  相似文献   

Jesuit promotion of social justice. Social justice action at Jesuit universities in Spain,as assessed by teaching and research staff     

Borja Vivanco 《British Journal of Religious Education》2018,40(1):70-83

A substantive and differentiating element of the Jesuits’ university paradigm is the promotion of social justice. The results of a telephone poll conducted amongst professors and researchers convey the initiatives to further social justice that Jesuit universities in Spain have been carrying out primarily since the 1990s. Although still a limited presence, respondents largely favour continuing said initiatives.  相似文献   

University surroundings and infrastructures that are accessible and inclusive for all: listening to students with disabilities     

Anabel Moriña  Beatriz Morgado 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2018,42(1):13-23

The main topic of this article is architectural barriers and infrastructures as identified by university students with disabilities. The data presented is part of a much wider research project, sponsored by Spain’s Ministry of Economy and Competition. A biographical-narrative methodology was used for this study. The results presented have been classified based on one of five barrier types: urban (barriers that are outside the actual university campus), transport (public transportation and personal vehicles), building (obstacles inside university buildings), environmental (those elements within the classroom, including furniture, excessive noise or inadequate temperatures) and communication (these are divided into signposting and barriers when accessing information). Lastly, a variety of questions are considered in the conclusions which indicate that universities still need a certain degree of adaptation and readjustment to really be accessible and inclusive, in keeping with the principles of universal design.  相似文献   

Developing a Human Nutrition Learning Progression     

Aurelio Cabello-Garrido  Enrique España-Ramos  Ángel Blanco-López 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(7):1269-1289

This paper describes the application of the methodology developed in research on learning progressions to a health-related topic. More specifically, we present a human nutrition learning progression as a hypothesis that now requires empirical validation. The study involved three phases. In the first phase, we analysed the existing literature in the domain of human nutrition. Based on this analysis, phase 2 then involved drawing up a learning progression for this domain and identifying the learning targets and progress variables, as well as the upper and lower anchors. The analysis led us to identify five progress variables, associated with the development of the concepts of food, nutrient, energy and diet, as well as with the ability to classify foods according to their nutrients. Finally, in phase 3, we identified and described the pathways that students may follow in relation to each progress variable. Given its focus on a topic closely linked to personal health, the learning progression may be useful not only as a component of teaching modules that aim to improve scientific literacy but also as a platform for future health education campaigns that seek to promote healthy eating habits among different sectors of the population.  相似文献   

村级直接民主的困境     

柳飒 《衡阳师范学院学报》2009,30(2)

当代中国是民主国家,整个国家的主导制度是间接民主,但其中也有直接民主的因素和成分.村民自治就是一种在农村基层社区实施的直接民主,这一基层直接民主通过村民会议、村代表会议、村选举委员会、村级直选等形式来表现民主参与、民主选举、民主管理、民主监督.但是,村级直接民主的践行中还存在着不可忽视的困境.  相似文献   

Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique     

Manuel Toral Ibañez  Margarita Caru  Miguel A. Herrera  Luis Gonzalez  Luis M. Martin  Jorge Miranda  Rafael M. Navarro-Cerrillo 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(2):112-119

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile. Ten (out of 34) clones from introduction trial located in Voipir-Villarrica, Chile, were studied. The PCR-RAPDs technique and a modified hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol were used for genomic DNA extraction. The PCR tests were carried out employing 10-mer random primers. The amplification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Forty nine polymorphic bands were obtained with the selected primers (BG04, BF07, BF12, BF13, and BF14) and were ordered according to their molecular size. The genetic similarity between samples was calculated by the Jaccard index and a dendrogram was constructed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Of the primers tested, 5 (out of 60) RAPD primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 49 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands. The genetic similarity analysis demonstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram depicts the genetic relationships among the clones, suggesting a geographic relationship. The results indicate that the RAPD markers permitted the identification of the assayed clones, although they are derived from the same geographic origin. Project (No. CONICYT-FONDEF PROYECT D01 I 1008) supported by the National Commission of Science and Research of Chile  相似文献   

Redefinition of gestational diabetes mellitus: implications for laboratory practice in Croatia     

Marijana Vu?i? Lovren?i?  Lorena Honovi?  Sa?a Kralik  Jasminka Matica  Manja Pra?ek  Edita Pape-Medvidovi?  Marina Ivani?evi?  Josip ?elmi? 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2013,23(1):7-11

An increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes has become a very challenging task in prenatal care worldwide. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) has recently issued recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. These recommendations, the first to provide harmonised, evidence-based criteria for the diagnosis and classification of diabetes in pregnancy, are currently being discussed and accepted worldwide by the relevant authorities. As the acceptance of the proposed criteria has major implications for both clinical and laboratory settings, a concerted action towards necessary changes in practice has to be carefully planned and adjusted to national health-care specificities.IADPSG criteria have been strongly advocated by the Croatian Perinatology Society, resulting in a new strategy for the detection and diagnosis of hyperglycaemic disorders in pregnancy.To address the respective laboratory requirements, in April 2012, the Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists appointed a Working Group to provide a standardised procedure for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes, applicable to all laboratories involved in prenatal care, in both primary and specialised health-care facilities.In this paper we discuss key laboratory-related issues regarding succesful implementation of the IADPSG criteria in Croatia.  相似文献